MORE BITS AND BITES OF HARNESS HISTORY...
"EVOLUTION OF THE SULKY" (1)
Why more than one part?.We are talking race carts here,and no single item of equipment used by trotting trainers has undergone more changes than the thing we hitch to the horse to carry the driver.As stated before,in this country at least,the first fifty years of racing saw probably at least half the field in any race ridden rather than driven.Two factors caused this,the prime mover being cost.Many people wanted to race a trotting horse,and sulkies of any description were expensive,and generally not purpose built for racing.The economical way to the winners circle was via an English hunting saddle or a gallopers exercise pad,each weighing about 7 pounds (3.25 kilos) and a rider going to scale at 8 stone 7pounds giving the all up minimum weight of 9 stone (57.25 kilos).Those blokes with the money, (they will keep popping up in these stories) could afford to import american "high wheeler" race sulkies and put 63.7 kilo (10 stone) minimum drivers,and,occasionally 227.4 kilo drivers (20 stone and usually themselves).A side issue to this is the undisputable fact that trotting enjoyed its greatest popularity in Sydney when there were but two catch drivers in operation,the late Stevie Weston and Jack (Tosky) Blissett.Stevie was a wharf labourer and Tosky drove a truck on Parramatta Council,neither had any visions of giving up their day job.Both were excellent drivers,but only extreme age or infirmity prevented trainers from driving their teams in "the Golden Age".There was no "drivers fee" as such,payment was by arrangement and quite often no fee was required.Stevie Weston was fond of saying that he got all the fun and the trainers got all the seven day weeks,wet mornings and frost.If memory serves me correctly,a mandatory sum of $2 was introduced to satisfy insurance requirements was introduced in the late sixties or early seventies..Proof of working for reward.
The six foot diameter many spoked wheels of the highwheelers rolled on with the drivers perched on a seat directly over the axle (remember this,it becomes important later on)with a direct line of sight over the horses ears and race times remained much the sme for a decade.In the US of A some bizarre vehicles were developed in the quest for speed,including a monstrosity which sat squarely over the horse and the driver occupied a position vaguely relative to that of a rider.Experiments of that nature lost their appeal after a number of race falls resulted in the death of drivers.The first quantum leap in speed occurred when the Frazier sulky company in the US adapted the newly invented pneumatic bicycle wheel to their high wheeler frame in 1892 and produced their all new (styled to accomodate the bike wheel) pneumatic tyred sulky in 1893.It is a matter of record that the bike wheel with its inflatable tyre and cone type ball race bearings chopped six or seven seconds from most horses previous "PBs"...
Bibliography..Australias Trotting Heritage..Max Agnew..One Hundred Years Of Trotting..Greg Brown..Personal experiences...